Babies imitating. Not.

For decades, there have been studies suggesting that human babies are capable of imitating facial gestures, hand gestures, facial expressions, or vocal sounds right from their first weeks of life after birth. But, based on new evidence, researchers reporting in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on May 5, 2016 now say that just isn’t so. After testing young infants repeatedly over their first couple of months, they found no evidence at all that very young infants are capable of imitation.

The main limitation of earlier work is that researchers presented infants with a limited number of gestures. For example, in most studies, researchers only tested infants’ responses to an adult poking out her tongue and opening her mouth. However, the researchers didn’t have adults make any additional gestures or expressions, to see whether infants were truly imitating the adult’s behavior. “If infants also increase their tongue protrusions when an adult models a happy face or finger pointing, then it’s not a case of imitation, but probably excitement at seeing an adult do something interesting”, says Virginia Slaughter of the University of Queensland in Australia. “We eliminated this problem by assessing infants’ responses to a wide range of different models”. The results were quite clear: the infants did not imitate any of the behaviors that they observed. In response to the grownups they saw, they were just as likely to produce a different gesture as they were to produce a matching one.

Slaughter says that this result is not what they’d anticipated. In fact, they set out initially with the goal to examine whether differences in imitation amongst young infants would predict later imitation and other aspects of social development.

The findings now suggest that imitation is not an innate behavior, but one that is learned in babies’ first months. In fact, babies might learn to imitate other people based on watching other people imitate them. (1)

Unique waves. Part of the same ocean.

Unique snowflakes. During the same snowstorm.

Unique people. Imitating one another.

Because they are all too similar.

Part of the same…

Child molestation. Justice. Schiller.

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Thirty years ago, Judy Johnson, a mother in Manhattan Beach, Calif., took her 2 1/2-year-old son, Matthew, to the pediatrician, fearing he had been sexually abused by his preschool teacher.

By today’s standards, the medical evidence in Matthew’s case was inconclusive: He had a rash on his bottom and rectal bleeding. But at the time, his symptoms were viewed as serious cause for concern. And so Matthew’s trip to the doctor began one of the longest, most expensive and notorious criminal investigations in American history. As other parents at the McMartin Preschool heard about Ms. Johnson’s suspicions, the investigation expanded to dozens of families. A Los Angeles grand jury charged Raymond Buckey, a 25-year-old teacher at the preschool, and six others with 321 counts of sexual abuse involving 48 children.

The accusations mounted, and went wild. Children said they’d watched McMartin teachers dig up corpses, that they’d been forced to drink rabbit’s blood. At a hearing before the trial, a prosecutor observed, “The kids are falling apart”.

In the end, after seven years and $15 million, the case fell of its own weight, ending without a single conviction.

McMartin was the first of a series of prosecutions in the 1980s that have come to be seen as a collective witch hunt, in which panicked parents and incompetent investigators led children to make up stories of abuse by adults at day care centers and preschools.

But what if the skeptics went too far? What if some of the children were really abused? And what if the legacy of these cases is a disturbing tendency to disbelieve children who say they are being molested? Those are the questions that frame this new book by Ross E. Cheit, a political scientist at Brown University who spent nearly 15 years on research, poring over old trial transcripts and interview tapes.

His conclusion about the McMartin case is that the outcome was “doubly unjust.” While he acknowledges that some defendants were falsely accused, he argues that Mr. Buckey was probably guilty, meaning that some of the children were not only sexually abused but “have been demeaned by the witch-hunt narrative’s assertion that the entire case was a ‘hoax.’ ”

It’s a provocative notion, that the debunkers deserve a debunking. Professor Cheit, who himself suffered sexual abuse as a child, criticizes the skepticism that helped bring down the prosecutions of McMartin and other day-care providers, calling it a “crusade to promote the witch-hunt narrative.”
(1)

The parents of actually abused children lost their chance to justice because of getting into the court with others who did not share the same cause.

It reminds me of a brilliant motto by Schiller: The strong man is strongest when alone.

Seek your right on your own.
Seek justice by your self.
Be strong.
Alone.

You may think that sometimes this is the only way. But you will be wrong. It is ALWAYS the only way.

Killing giraffes. Playing human.

A giraffe killed because its DNA was similar to the others! (what?!?) (1, 2, 3, 4)

Genetic screening in its most wrong version.

Now you can die because something MIGHT happen in the future! (or maybe cut your breasts, thanks to Angelina Jolie) And the possibility that the giraffe did not reproduce or was hosted by another zoo simply did not qualify as solution for the stupid Danish people (see “Denmark. Maasai. Primitive. Civilized.” @ Blogger Harmonia Philosophica for more) at the zoo…

Stupidity, arrogance, hybris (ὕβρις)…

For a long time we had the power to decide who will live and who will die.
Now we can even decide who will live and who will die based on the most stupid reasons.

Something dark clouds our judgement.
Something dark lies inside our soul.
We believe we are Gods.

But a God is not judged by what he does.
A God is judged by what he does not do…
And we tend to do a lot…

Staying silent.
Meditating.
Empty your mind.
Live and let die.

Stop being a human.
Start being a God.

Voles, humans, ladders…

Isolated water voles in London are being provided with miniature ladders to encourage them to venture further afield. [1]

I wander what voles think of those miracle ladders…

I can imagine of the genuine joy and gratefulness a vole must feel when he discovers that gift…

I wander what kind of ladders have been placed for us to use…

And I can imagine of the arrogance and greed a human will feel when he discovers those ladders…

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