Brownian motion describes the random movement of particles in fluids, however, this revolutionary model only works when a fluid is static, or at equilibrium. In real-life environments, fluids often contain particles that move by themselves, such as tiny swimming microorganisms. These self-propelled swimmers can cause movement or stirring in the fluid, which drives it away from equilibrium.

Researchers from Queen Mary University of London, Tsukuba University, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and Imperial College London, have presented a novel theory to explain observed particle movements in these dynamic environments. (1)

Random movements.

In a random world.

Particles.

Observed by a human.

Under the Sun.

Shining bright.

Observed by the Galaxy.

Moving fast.

Under the void.

Look.

Particle moving.

Human watching.

The Sun setting.

Galaxy standing still.

Universe dying.

God looking…

Random movements…